Author Archives: Michael

"God" as an abstract omniscient agent.

Within the context of my philosophy, I’ve begun to think of God as a more abstract omniscient agent rather than a deity; i.e., an entity with full unfettered knowledge of the universe, without any additional connotations.

There are some interesting attributes you can then ascribe to Him: for one, if the universe is truly deterministic on the subatomic level, it is only to Him that there would be any difference. The rest of us have incomplete knowledge of the world on this scale (even discounting the immense, effectively infinite, number of possibilities, there are problems such as the Uncertainty Principle to contend with) and will not be able to perceive the underlying determinism of the universe as it unfolds if the universe is in fact deterministic. (I call this effective nondeterminism). But an omniscient agent would have complete knowledge of the universe and would in fact be able to predict its course were it deterministic.

Another interesting tidbit relates to perception: as I argued in my last post, our own personal universes are colored by our perception. We may be able to reason that the objective universe is not in fact like that, but our senses will always tell us otherwise. One can think of it as performing astronomical study while there is dirt on the telescope lens.

Omniscience precludes such a filter. An omniscient agent does not rely on access to a particular “view” of the universe; the knowledge is direct, complete, and unaltered. Thus an omniscient agent can be used as a mechanism of exploring the objective side of the universe in the objective/subjective duality.

There is one way in which the universe really can be against you.

There is a technique in computer graphics, mostly in the context of gaming, known as “skyboxing”, where you simulate a sky by drawing a textured box around the player and moving it around as the player moves. The game universe is defined by the player’s perception – we see a sky and we don’t feel the need to ask questions about how that sky was rendered.

This got me thinking this morning about the “unfairness” of the universe. The objective, physical universe, of course, can care less about you or your well-being; it’s governed by intransigent laws, none of which take “is this a sentient being?” into account.

There is, however, one way the universe can be actively against you in a certain sense: if your body presents an additional struggle to overcome. Just as the skybox around the player *is* the sky in the game world, what we perceive within the real world defines our universe (despite the existence of objectivity given infinite knowledge of the world). If our perceptions are faulty, if our actions are limited, if our attention is constantly drawn away by pain or malaise, our universe has become more difficult to act within. Such a struggle is intrinsic to our own bodies, so it follows us everywhere. Like the sky, it has become a physical fact of our universe. It can thus be said that the universe is in fact working against us to the extent that our bodies are.

The Potlatch of Ideas!

Publish or perish within the scientific community is a potlatch of ideas! They’re freely given away in exchange for status, which translates into more desirable jobs (just as the ritual potlatch was used to apportion land and fishing rights). A side effect is the redistribution and dissemination, not of wealth, but of ideas! The whole process of publish or perish is just a means of nonviolent competition for social status.

I need to study more anthropology.

Keyboards are dirty. But are certain parts of them dirtier?

(This is a repost of another thread that was getting tons of spam comments)

A common anecdote that probably stems from a research finding is that keyboards have more germs on them than toilet seats. While I can definitely see this, that got me wondering whether certain parts of a keyboard have a greater number than others. Certain keys are touched more, after all.

Intuitively, you’d expect the proportions to match the letter distribution of the typist’s native language, with some other keys, such as shift, enter, and the space bar having very high frequencies as well. Weird, mostly useless keys like Scroll Lock would probably have next to nothing.

This goes for piano keys too. People probably touch more keys on the right hand of the keyboard, as that’s where the melody usually is – so it stands to reason that the right side of a piano keyboard would be dirtier than the left.

DigitalPersona Firefox Extension Prevents Clicking on Executable Links

When a company fails to disclose a location to which bugs in its products can be sent, I’ve made it a habit of posting them here instead. Somehow, this strategy tends to get a response. Also, this helps others avoid going through what I had to in order to debug the problem.

I recently purchased a new HP laptop with an embedded Validity fingerprint reader. Upon installing Firefox, I noticed that executable links were not working properly – they were not being followed. At first, I chalked this up to AVG 8, as it has some new (buggy and slow) “linkscan” feature, but uninstalling and reinstalling AVG and Firefox yielded no luck.

Finally, I looked on the list of add-ons to see whether there was something there that could be causing this problem. DigitalPersona’s add-on was the only one present.

I tried disabling it and suddenly the links were working again. Re-enabling it caused them to stop once more.

Thus, there is something in the DigitalPersona Firefox extension that is causing the browser to cease following executable links.

Fortunately, right clicking and selecting “save as…” still works, so I’ll use that as a workaround for the time being.

And to DigitalPersona: Provide a forum for users to submit bugs or those bugs will not only never reach you directly, but will be scattered all over the Internet for everyone to read. One way or another, people post them. Far better for you that they reach your ears first.

AdaBoosting the Immune System

One of the most intriguing connections between biology and machine learning is in the learning ability of the adaptive immune system. If you abstract away the biology, it appears to be a very complex problem of classification: is something an invader or not? False positives cause autoimmune diseases. False negatives cause dangerous infections.

Just as in machine learning, we can use the concepts of sensitivity and specificity, positive and negative predictive values, classification, clustering, and feature extraction.

And we can also use the techniques to guide treatments.

How about using AdaBoost to train the immune system? Expose it only to the examples it initially misclassifies? There are so many places where these two fields can intersect…

Of course! Personal statements and papers follow the same conventions!

Oh how foolish I was! While reviewing a statement of purpose for a friend applying to CMU for grad. school, I realized my own mistake. Let’s see whether I’m going to play Roark to another’s Keating (if this is to be my role in society, I’ll never forgive it).

I spoke of my goals, how my accomplishments have led me towards those goals, and, unabashed, the research training I wished to receive in pursuit of those goals. My numeric credentials were superlative and spoke for themselves, so I did not mention them. This was all acceptable.

My error was one of omission; one that became blindingly obvious after I figured out how to get academic papers accepted, as it’s of the same nature. The data, the idea, the meat is not important unless properly wrapped. I didn’t brag about my interdisciplinarity; I practiced it and relied upon it being self-evident in my actions and goals.

Just as I had previously relied on acceptance of academic papers through straight and concise representation of the ideas and results of the research before I figured out how those were accepted.

There’s a game to it. Drop names. Drop keywords. Read up on and associate yourself with current academic trends.

It’s a stupid game, but I have to play it at least one more time in the future, so I may as well learn the rules of it if I’m to succeed next time.

I have a feeling knowing someone already in a graduate program is the most significant predictor of success; moreso than any personal factor. Certainly I’ve just provided some help. And in providing that help, I’ve helped myself realize something important as well.