I’ve already summarized this point in my writing on Positive Disintegration, but I’d like to reiterate: The first and second factors are not equivalent motivators, functionally or cognitively. They should not be placed at the same level of personality development. Doing so equates pathological individuals such as psychopaths with the masses, who generally cause no problems beyond those their society compels them to. Here’s a quote I found on talentdevelop.com to illustrate the confusion that grouping these into one cognitive level produces:

“The great majority of population lives on and rarely grows beyond the level of primary integration. The most primitively integrated character structures are observed in psychopaths and psychopath-like individuals, who suffer from “emotional retardation,” characterized by inability to experience empathy and guilt.

On the level of primary integration, we can observe two forms of adjustment of an individual to society: negative adjustment – non-creative adaptation, characterized by conformity to social conventions, lack of reflection and criticism in approach to reality, adjustment to “what is;” and negative maladjustment, which is disregard for social norms and conventions stemming from extreme egocentrism and ruthless realization of one’s lower level goals (psychopaths, criminals).”

Here we have two separate processes being described as if they are common approaches, when in reality, these are intrinsic responses, the first of which the great majority of individuals will adopt. The second response is only reserved for people who really should be classed at a lower cognitive level, for they are only governed by the first factor.